City Parts - Vocabulary

airport (érport) - aeropuerto art gallery (árt gáleri) - galería de arte arts center (árts sénter) - centro cultural avenue (áveniu) - avenida bank (bank) - banco bar (bar) - bar bicycle (báisikl) - bicicleta boarding house (bórding háus) - pensión, casa de huéspedes bookstall (búuk stol) - kiosco, puesto de libros botanical garden (botánical garden) - jardín botánico boulevard (búlevard) - bulevar bridge (brídch) - puente building site (bílding sáit) - obra en construcción buildings (bíldings) - edificios bus (bas) - autobús bus station (bas stéishon) - estación de autobuses bus stop (bás stop) - parada de autobús castle (kásl) - castillo cathedral (kazídral) - catedral cemetery (sémeteri) - cementerio church (chéerch) - iglesia circus (sérkes) - circo city hall (síti hól) - ayuntamiento, municipalidad clock (klók) - reloj consulate (cónsulet) - consulado corner (córner) - esquina crossroads (cróssróuds) - cruce crosswalk (cróssuók) - paso de peatones cul-de-sac (kóldesác) - callejón sin salida curb (kéerb) - bordillo de la acera department store (dipártment stór) - grandes almacenes district (dístrict) - barrio, distrito ditch (dích) - zanja downtown (dáun táun) - centro de la ciudad drugstore (drágstor) - farmacia embassy (émbasi) - embajada fire brigade (fáier briguéid) - cuerpo de bomberos fountain (fáunten) - fuente gutter (gáter) - alcantarilla, cuneta hairdresser's (héerdrésers) - peluquería highway (hái uei) - autopista hospital (hóspital) - hospital hostel (hóstel) - hostal hotel (houtél) - hotel house (háus) - casa information office (informéshon ófis) - oficina de información inhabitant (in hábitant) - habitante lane (léin) - callejón laundromat (lóndromat) - lavadero automático lawcourt (lóokort) - tribunal library (láibrari) - biblioteca litter (líter) - basura mail box (méil box) - buzón de correos market (márket) - mercado monument (móniument) - monumento mosque (mósk) - mezquita motorcycle (móutorsáikl) - motocicleta motorists (móutorists) - automovilistas movie theater (múvi zíater) - cine museum (miussíom) - museo neighborhood (néiborjúud) - barrio, distrito neon signs (nión sáins) - letreros luminosos newspaper stand (niúspeiper stánd) - quiosco de periódicos night club (náit klab) - club nocturno old people's home (óuld pipls jóum) - asilo de ancianos orphanage (órfanidch) - orfanato outskirts (áut skerts) - afueras de la ciudad palace (pálas) - palacio park (párk) - parque parking lot (párking lót) - aparcamiento passage (pásidch) - pasaje passer-by (páser bái) - transeúnte pedestrian (pedéstrian) - peatón pedestrian zone (pedéstrian zóun) - zona peatonal phone booth (fóun búuz) - cabina telefónica police station (polís stéishon) - comisaría port (pórt) - puerto post office (póust ófis) - oficina de correos prison (príson) - cárcel promenade (prómeneid) - paseo railroad station (réilroud stéishon) - estación de ferrocarril restaurant (réstorant) - restaurante ring road (ríng róud) - carretera de circunvalación road (róud) - camino, carretera school (skúul) - escuela, colegio sewers (súers) - cloacas shop (shóp) - tienda shop windows (shóp uíndous) - escaparates shopping mall (shóping móol) - centro comercial sidewalk (sáid uok) - acera skyscraper (skáiskréiper) - rascacielos slums (sláms) - barrio bajo square (skuéar) - plaza stadium (stéidiom) - estadio statue (státchiu) - estatua stock exchange (stók ekschéindch) - la bolsa de valores street (stríit) - calle streetcar (stíitcar) - tranvía streetlamps (stríit lámps) - faroles de calle suburbs (sáborbs) - las afueras de la ciudad subway (sáb-uei) - metro, tren subterráneo subway station (sáb-uéi stéishon) - estación de metro synagogue (sínagog) - sinagoga taxi cab (táksi cáb) - taxi telephones (télefóuns) - teléfonos theatre (zíater) - teatro tourist (túrist) - turista tourist office (túrist ófis) - oficina de turismo townspeople (táunsspípl) - habitantes de la ciudad traffic (tráfik) - tráfico, circulación traffic light (tráfic láit) - semáforo traffic policeman (tráfik polísman) - policía de tránsito tramp (trámp) - vagabundo, mendigo trashcan (trásh can) - papelera travel agency (trável éidchensi) - agencia de viajes trees (tríis) - árboles truck (trák) - camión tunnel (tánel) - túnel university (iunivérsiti) - universidad zoo (súu) - zoológico

COUNT AND NON COUNT NOUNS - EXERSISE

Countable and Uncountable Nouns , by grazdub@onet.eu
Find this and other countables - uncountables exercises in English Exercises .org

HOLIDAY ACTIVITIES - VOCABULARY

Holiday activities - vocabulary, by MadziaDM
Find this and other holidays exercises in English Exercises .org

English Idioms & Idiomatic Expressions

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Descriptions of people

(personality - character - appearance)

(page 2:   call a spade  →  down to earth)

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call a spade a spade	A person who calls a spade a spade speaks openly and truthfully about something, especially difficult matters. What I like about the new manager is that he calls a spade a spade - it makes things so much easier for everyone.
fat cat	To refer to a rich and powerful person as a fat cat means that you disapprove of the way they use their money or power. The place was full of fat cats on their big yachts.
cat's whiskers (also: cat's pyjamas)	This expression refers to someone who considers themselves to be better than others in a particular area : beauty, competence, intelligence, sport, etc. Ever since she got a promotion, she thinks she's the cat's whiskers!
chip off the old block	A person who is a chip off the old block resembles one of their parents in appearance, character or behaviour. James is a chip off the old block - he reacts the same way as his father.
class act	To say that someone, for example an athlete or entertainer, is a class act means that they are very good at what they do. Her career is just beginning but she's already a class act.
cog in the machine	If you say that someone is a cog in the machine, you mean that, while they are necessary, they only play a small part in an organization or plan. The police quickly realized that the suspect was just a cog in the machine.
couch potato	If you refer to someone as a couch potato, you criticize them for spending a lot of time sitting and watching television. Don't be such a couch potato. There are better ways of spending your time than in front of the TV.
not cut out for something	If you are not cut out for something, you are not the sort of person to succeed or be happy in a particular activity. I started studying medicing but I quickly realized  I wasn't cut out for it.
dead loss	Someone described as a dead loss is absolutely useless or a complete failure. When it comes to gardening, my brother is a dead loss.
dead man walking	A dead man walking is someone who will inevitably be in great trouble very soon, especially a person who is about to lose their job or position. Because of the way he handled the recent riots, the minister is a dead man walking.
dog in the manger	A person referred to as a dog in the manger is someone who stops others from enjoying something he/she cannot use or doesn't want. She hates the guitar so she won't allow her son to learn to play it - a real dog in the manger!
doubting Thomas	A 'doubting Thomas' is a person who will not believe something without proof, or without seeing it for themselves. I had to show him my membership card.  What a doubting Thomas!
down at heel	A person who is down-at-heel is someone whose appearance is untidy or neglected because of lack of money. The down-at-heel student I first met became a successful writer.
down to earth	Somene who is down to earth is not a dreamer but a realistic and practical person who has sensible reactions and expectations. Don't ask Suzy for help.  She's fun, but not very down to earth.

Prepositions of Location

This guide in .pdf.     All of the English Guides

Prepositions of location describe where something is.

on	behind	above
under	next to	below
in	between	around
inside	among	on the right
outside	across from	on the left
in front of	opposite

Practice
Study the prepositions in the box below and select the correct preposition for each of the sentences according to the position in the map.

next to between across from

1.  The drug store is the police station.
    

2.  The police station is the bank and the store. 
    

3.  The school is the restaurant.
    

4.  The drug store is the movie theater and the post office.
    

5.  The train station is the school.
    

Practice
Study the prepositions in the box below and select the correct preposition to describe the position of the objects in the picture.

in front of          behind between above below on the right on the left

1.  The dog is the sun.

2.  The house is the car.

3.  The tree is to the of the house.

4.  The sun is the dog.

5.  The car is the house.

6.  The dog is to the of the house.

7.  The house is the dog and the tree.

Practice
Study the prepositions in the box below and select the correct preposition to describe the position of the objects in the picture below.

on under in

1.  The vase is the table.

2.  The cat is the table.

3.  The flowers are the vase.

Practice
Write sentences to describe where the objects are in the picture.

Prepositions - above/behind/between/in front of/on/under

example     ball/table    

1.  basket/table  
     
2.  tree/bicycle  
     
3.  cloud/table  
     
4.  bicycle/tree  
     
5.  dog/the bicycle and the table  
     

            

 

Giving Directions How do I get to _______? Turn right. Turn left. Go straight. Go one block. Go past _______ It's on the corner of ______ and ______.

Practice
Select the correct directions.

1.  I'm at the police station.  How do I get to the church?

 Go straight on Main Street.  Turn left on Second Street.  Go two blocks.  It's on the right.
 Go straight on Main Street.  Turn left on Central Avenue.  Go one block.  Turn left.  It's on the right.
 Go straight on Main Street.  Turn right on Second Street.  Turn left on Central Avenue.  It's on the right.

2.  I'm at the school.  How do I get to the movie theater?

 Turn left onto First Street.  Go past the hospital.  Go one block.  It's on the right.
 Turn right onto First Street.  Go one block.  Turn right on Main Street.  Go past the post office and the drugstore.  It's on the right.
 Go straight on Central Avenue.  Turn right onto Second Street.  Go two blocks.  It's on the left.

3.  I'm in the movie theater.  How do I get to the school?

 Turn right onto Second Street.  Go one block.  Turn right.  Go past the restaurant.  It's on the right.
 Go straight on First Street.  Turn left.  Go one block.  Go past the hospital.  It's on the left.
 Go straight on Main Street.  Turn left on First Street.  Go one block.  Turn right onto Central Avenue.  It's on the right.

Instructions Find the errors in the sentences.  Write the sentences correctly. example She are a student. --> She is a student. 1. The school is next the supermarket.    2. The beaty shop is opposite the bank.    3. The library is in front the park.    5. The movie teater is on the right.    4. The church is behin the hospital.

Types of Adjectives (Tipos de adjetivos)

El inglés tiene seis clases de adjetivos:

1. Descriptive/Qualitative (Calificativos)
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   fat (gordo),

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   blue (azul),

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   nice (simpático),

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   hot (caliente),

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   young (joven),

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   round (redondo),

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   long (largo),

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   early (temprano)...
2. Demonstrative (Demostrativos)
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   this (esto),

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   that (eso),

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   these (estos),

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   those (esos)
   Más información sobre los demostrativos
3. Quantitative (Cuantitativos)
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   some (alguno/s),

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   any (alguno/s, ninguno),

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   many (mucho/s),

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   much (mucho)...
   Más información sobre los cuantitativos
4. Interrogative (Interrogativos)
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   which? (¿cuál?),

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   what? (¿qué?),

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   where? (¿dónde?),

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   how? (¿cómo?)...
   Más información sobre los interrogativos
5. Possessive (Posesivos)
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   my (mi),

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   your (tu),

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   his (su),

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   our (nuestro)...
   Más información sobre los posesivos
6. Numeric (Números)
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   one (uno),

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   four (cuatro),

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   first (primero),

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   third (tercero)...
   Más información sobre los números cardinales y números ordinales

Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)

1. El adjetivo casi siempre se sitúa antes del nombre,como hemos visto en el principio de esta lección. Aunque en algunos casos, dependen del verbo, y entonces el adjetivo se sitúa detrás del verbo. Estos verbos incluyen:
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   to be (ser/estar),

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   to become (ponerse),

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   to feel (sentirse),

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   to look (parecer),

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   to seem (parecer),

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   to smell (oler),

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   to taste (gustar)
   • Ejemplos:
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     She looks [seems] tired. (Parece cansada.)
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     I feel good. (Me siento bien.)
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     It smells bad. (Huele mal.)
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     You are beautiful. (Eres guapa.)
2. El adjetivo en inglés no tiene género.
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   fast (rápido/a),

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   good (bueno/a),

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   cold (frio/a),

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   tall (alto/a)...
3. En general, los adjetivos no tienen una forma plural.Sólo los adjetivos demostrativos y cuantitativos tienen formas diferentes para el singular y el plural:
   • Demostrativos:
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     this pencil (este lápiz)
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     these pencils (estos lápices)
   • Cuantitativos:
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     much money (mucho dinero)
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     many books (muchos libros)
4. Podemos usar dos o más adjetivos juntos.
   • Ejemplos:
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     a small black book (un libro pequeño y negro)
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     a pretty Spanish woman (una mujer española guapa)
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     a large glass table (una mesa grande de vidrio)
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     a wonderful old city (una ciudad antigua y maravillosa)

Como norma general, seguimos el siguiente orden cuando utilizamos varios adjetivos:

Tipo de adjetivo	Ejemplos
opinión /valor	Play delicious, wonderful, nice, pretty ...
tamaño y longitud	Play short, large, small, tall ...
edad / temperatura	Play new, old, young, hot, cold ...
forma y superficie	Play round, fat, thin, square ...
color	Play red, black, blue, green ...
origen	Play Spanish, American, Columbian ...
material	Play silver, cotton, paper, iron ...
uso	Play electric, political ...
nombre	Play bath (towel)

Adjectives and Adverbs

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DEFINITIONS AND RULES.

Definitions:

Adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns. They may come before the word they describe (That is a cute puppy.) or they may follow the word they describe (That puppy is cute.).
Adverbs are words that modify everything but nouns and pronouns. They modify adjectives, verbs, and other adverbs. A word is an adverb if it answers how, when, or where.
The only adverbs that cause grammatical problems are those that answer the question how, so focus on these.

Rule 1

Generally, if a word answers the question how, it is an adverb. If it can have an -ly added to it, place it there.
Examples:
She thinks slow/slowly.
She thinks how? slowly.
She is a slow/slowly thinker.
Slow does not answer how, so no -ly is attached. Slow is an adjective here.
She thinks fast/fastly.
Fast answers the question how, so it is an adverb. But fast never has an -ly attached to it.
We performed bad/badly.
Badly describes how we performed.

Rule 2

A special -ly rule applies when four of the senses - taste, smell, look, feel - are the verbs. Do not ask if these senses answer the question how to determine if -ly should be attached. Instead, ask if the sense verb is being used actively. If so, use the -ly.
Examples:
Roses smell sweet/sweetly.
Do the roses actively smell with noses? No, so no -ly.
The woman looked angry/angrily.
Did the woman actively look with eyes or are we describing her appearance? We are only describing appearance, so no -ly.
The woman looked angry/angrily at the paint splotches.
Here the woman did actively look with eyes, so the -ly is added.
She feels bad/badly about the news.
She is not feeling with fingers, so no -ly.

Good vs. Well

Rule 3

The word good is an adjective, while well is an adverb.
Examples:
You did a good job.
Good describes the job.
You did the job well.
Well answers how.
You smell good today.
Describes your odor, not how you smell with your nose, so follow with the adjective. You smell well for someone with a cold.
You are actively smelling with a nose here, so follow with the adverb.

Rule 4

When referring to health, use well rather than good.
Example:
I do not feel well. You do not look well today.
Note: You may use good with feel when you are not referring to health.
Example:
I feel good about my decision to learn Spanish.

Rule 5

A common error in using adjectives and adverbs arises from using the wrong form for comparison. For instance, to describe one thing we would say poor, as in, "She is poor." To compare two things, we should say poorer, as in, "She is the poorer of the two women." To compare more than two things, we should say poorest, as in, "She is the poorest of them all."

Examples:

One	Two	Three or More
sweet	sweeter	sweetest
bad	worse	worst
efficient*	more efficient*	most efficient*
*Usually with words of three or more syllables, don't add -er or -est. Use more or most in front of the words.

Rule 6

Never drop the -ly from an adverb when using the comparison form.
Correct:
She spoke quickly.
She spoke more quickly than he did.
Incorrect:
She spoke quicker than he did.
Correct:
Talk quietly.
Talk more quietly.
Incorrect:
Talk quieter.

Rule 7

When this, that, these, and those are followed by nouns, they are adjectives. When they appear without a noun following them, they are pronouns.
Examples:
This house is for sale.
This is an adjective here.
This is for sale.
This is a pronoun here.

Rule 8

This and that are singular, whether they are being used as adjectives or as pronouns. This points to something nearby while that points to something "over there."
Examples:
This dog is mine.
That dog is hers.
This is mine.
That is hers.

Rule 9

These and those are plural, whether they are being used as adjectives or as pronouns. These points to something nearby while those points to something "over there."
Examples:
These babies have been smiling for a long time.
These are mine. Those babies have been crying for hours. Those are yours.

Rule 10

Use than to show comparison. Use then to answer the question when.
Examples:
I would rather go skiing than rock climbing.
First we went skiing; then we went rock climbing.